西亚试剂：Fused sister kinetochores initiate the reductional division

发布时间：2025-12-08

Fused sister kinetochores initiate the reductional division in meiosis I

Xuexian Li1 & R. Kelly Dawe1,2

During meiosis I the genome is reduced to the haploid content by a coordinated reductional division event. Homologous chromosomes align, recombine and segregate while the sister chromatids co-orient and move to the same pole1, 2. Several data suggest that sister kinetochores co-orient early in metaphase I and that sister chromatid cohesion (which requires Rec8 and Shugoshin) supports monopolar orientation. Nevertheless, it is unclear how the sister kinetochores function as single unit during this period. A gene (monopolin)3 with a co-orienting role was identified in Saccharomyces cerevisiae; however, it does not have the same function in fission yeast4 and no similar genes have been found in other species. Here we pursue this issue using knockdown mutants of the core kinetochore protein MIS12 (minichromosome instability 12). MIS12 binds to base of the NDC80 complex, which in turn binds directly to microtubules5, 6, 7. In maize plants with systemically reduced levels of MIS12, a visible MIS12–NDC80 bridge between sister kinetochores at meiosis I is broken. Kinetochores separate and orient randomly in metaphase I, causing chromosomes to stall in anaphase due to normal cohesion, marked by Shugoshin, between the chromatids. The data establish that sister kinetochores in meiosis I are fused by a shared microtubule-binding face and that this direct linkage is required for reductional division.

1 Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
2 Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.

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