西亚试剂：A rule of seven in Watson-Crick base-pairing of mismatched

发布时间：2025-06-18

A rule of seven in Watson-Crick base-pairing of mismatched sequences

Ibrahim I Cisse,Hajin Kim&Taekjip Ha

Department of Physics,Center for the Physics of Living Cells，University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign， Urbana， Illinois，USA.

Howard Hughes Medical Institute，Urbana,Illinois,USA.

Present address：Département de Physique and Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure，Ecole Normale Supérieure，Paris， France.

Abstract

Sequence recognition through base-pairing is essential for DNA repair and gene regulation， but the basic rules governing this process remain elusive. In particular， the kinetics of annealing between two imperfectly matched strands is not well characterized， despite its potential importance in nucleic acid–based biotechnologies and gene silencing. Here we use single-molecule fluorescence to visualize the multiple annealing and melting reactions of two untethered strands inside a porous vesicle， allowing us to precisely quantify the annealing and melting rates. The data as a function of mismatch position suggest that seven contiguous base pairs are needed for rapid annealing of DNA and RNA. This phenomenological rule of seven may underlie the requirement for seven nucleotides of complementarity to seed gene silencing by small noncoding RNA and may help guide performance improvement in DNA- and RNA-based bio- and nanotechnologies， in which off-target effects can be detrimental

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